Gullubulag village was a village in the Kars district of Kars province until the late 19th century, and later became part of the Amasiya region of Western Azerbaijan. Until 1988, Azerbaijanis lived in this village, preserving its national and cultural identity. From that year onwards, as a result of political and ethnic pressures in the region, Gullubulag village, like other Turkic-Muslim settlements, was destroyed, its population displaced, and the village Armenianized.
Currently, Gullubulag village exists within the territory of the Republic of Armenia. According to historical sources, the village is located in the Alexandropol uezd of the Erivan Governorate, in the present-day Qizilqoch (now Gukasyan) region of Armenia. This village, located just 4 kilometers from the district center, was also mentioned in the “Summary Register of the Erivan Province.”
The name of the village is derived from the combination of the word "güllü," meaning "flowery," and the word "bulaq" (spring), meaning “a village located by a spring surrounded by flowers.” This name is considered a hydrotoponym and is a complex toponym in terms of structure. The name of the village was later literally translated into Armenian and changed to Vardakhbyur.
Gullubulag village was located on the border with Qizildash village in Turkey and was considered one of the ancient Turkic lands of the region. Toponyms associated with national heroes, such as Koroglu Cave, Nigar Valley, and Nabi Meadow, existed in the village area. These names indicate a connection to the heroic folklore of the Azerbaijani people. At the same time, the names of the tribes living in the village were purely of Turkic origin, which is a clear indicator of its ethnic and cultural identity.
The first and largest school among the villages of the Amasiya region was built precisely in Gullubulag village. In the early 20th century, a primary Russian-Tatar school operated in this village, and a large part of the village population received education in Russian for a certain period.
Gullubulag village was considered one of the leading villages in the region in terms of the number of distinguished and head teachers, as well as graduates who completed secondary school with a gold medal. Among the village's alumni were individuals who held high positions in the District Party Committee, the Soviet of People's Deputies, as well as various party and Soviet bodies.
During the 1920s and 1930s, representatives from Gullubulag village also predominated among the graduates of the Gyumri Industrial Technical School, the only industrial educational institution in Transcaucasia.
